Health Is a Cultural - Physical - Emotional and Social Well-Being

Question: Discuss about the Health Is a Cultural, Physical, Emotional and Social Well-Being ? Answer: Introducation Health is a cultural, physical, emotional Healthcare and social well-being of people. However, there are two main types of people in Australia, the indigenous and non-indigenous people. The health care needs of the two groups of people have been found to differ with a big gap in between them (Thompson et al., 2014). The studies have indicated that the indigenous Australians go through poor health when compare to other nonindigenous Australians and mostly dying at a tender age (Arrow, 2016). A study on the aboriginal and non-indigenous health is indicating that injuries and noncommunicable diseases are 15% and 70% respectively of the gap in the health care between non-indigenous and indigenous Australians (Tolhurst, et al., 2016). In addition analysis further found that diabetes and injury from a larger contribution to the outcomes of indigenous health. However, there are many health concerns of both the groups of such as smoking and use of illicit substances and these issues play a c ritical role in widening the gap between them. The paper will address the difference in the health care needs of indigenous and non-indigenous people of Australia. Indigenous and non-Indigenous health care needs There are different health care needs which people of Australia need. However, these requirements are different for the non-indigenous and aboriginal (Thompson et al., 2014). The kidney is one of the diseases which affect the native people especially when young in comparison to non-indigenous people (Diaz, et al., 2015). In a research done in 2010 to 2014, the end stage renal disease (ESRD) was found to be seven times more frequent for the aboriginal citizens than non-indigenous individuals in Australia. Between 2010 and 2014, sixty percent of the indigenous people who had ESRD were younger than 55 years. It was found that 30% of the non-indigenous were below 55 years old. In addition, the rates of ESRD among the indigenous people living in Northern Territory were twenty times higher than that of the non-indigenous population (Tolhurst, et al., 2016). However, it has been found that dialysis is the common issue for the hospital admission of indigenous people. Of all the native popula tion who always visit the hospital, 45% of them go for dialysis purposes. This means that the indigenous population needs lots of kidney care when compared to other population, they are at high risk of having renal failure. Injury forms one of the care needs of people of Australia (Pickering et al., 2014). In the year 2013, the injury was fund to be a third common cause of death for Indigenous people who lived in South Australia, West Australia and Queensland (Thompson et al., 2014). The most common cause of injury among these people was transport accidents and suicides. These issues were found more twice than the non-indigenous people. These people need psychological help so that they can reduce the problems. Indigenous people have high risks of getting a respiratory infection due to their lifestyles and the environments which they live. One-third of indigenous populations reported respiratory diseases in 2013 (Thompson et al., 2014). Women have high chances of getting respiratory infections in comparison with men. However, asthma is one of the common health care needs among the indigenous and nonindigenous people in Australia (Tolhurst, et al., 2016). Furthermore, the native population is twice likely to suffer from asthma as compared to the no-indigenous people. It has been found that indigenous individuals were four times probable than the non-indigenous citizens to go to medication for chronic obstructive pulmonary infection and also three times more likely to be admitted for pneumonia and influenza as compared to the non-indigenous people (Gibson et al., 2015). It is an indication the respiratory infections forms one of the health care needs which should be addressed for both indigenous and non-indigenous people. Oral health also forms one of the care needs which Australian people should get to achieve enhanced health care. The native population has been fund to suffer more from periodontal infections than the non-indigenous people. Disability is also another issue which the Australian citizen needs to achieve their health care. It affects the way people live their life. The research done in 2012 indicated that a quarter of aboriginal and Torres Strait islander had disabilities (Garvey et al., 2015). In comparison with non-indigenous people, the indigenous population has got high rates of disabilities, and they needed lots of health care needs. In addition, the indigenous children who are aged at 0-14 years are twice as likely to have a disability when compared to non-indigenous (Diaz, et al., 2015). It means that the health care needs of indigenous people need lots of attentions as compared to those of non-indigenous people in regards to disability. In 2009, the infection rates of tuberculosis among the indigenous people were 11 times higher than the non-indigenous populations (Diaz, et al., 2015). However, there is an infection of hepatitis among all people of Australia. However, it is evident that the non-indigenous people are much better because they are not much infected with the disease as compared to the indigenous population. Due to lack of proper education and awareness among the indigenous people, the majority of them are likely to use drugs and substance which have got lots of impacts on their health (Garvey et al., 2015). When compared to non-indigenous people, the use of alcohol is also an issue of health concern, but studies indicate that indigenous populations are likely to use alcohol and smoke. Due to the health risks brought by these habits, the issue is one of the heath care issues which should be addressed. Obesity is one of the issues which have affected the largest population of the Australian population. Indigenous people living in remote at least are likely to suffer from obesity as compared to non-indigenous people (Tolhurst, et al., 2016). Most of the indigenous populations are not aware of dietary food which can assist in reducing obesity. Lack of clean water in Australia also is a common issue which has caused lots of waterborne diseases. Studies indicate that the indigenous people live in remote areas which at times cannot access clean water making the vulnerable to different waterborne diseases. Colonization and indigenous health The health inequalities undergone by Indigenous Australians are entrenched within the perspective of Australias colonial legacies (Pickering et al., 2014). Historical and up to date reforms and practices implicating Indigenous people due to British colonization has also influenced the health results of native populations(Wright, et al., 2016). For instance, colonial reforms established the misapprehension that Indigenous people were the assets of the colonizers leading to the subordination of Indigenous individuals. Essentially, the social injustices arising from colonization impact the essential determinants comprising environmental, biological, political and social determinants that led to biased health for Indigenous Australians. The practice of colonization has been engrossed transversely and within Indigenous peoples generations (Pickering et al., 2014). Due of this, tackling the social determinants which have a role to play in social injustice is a key to expanding the systems and services which can confront unequal health results for Indigenous populations (Pickering et al., 2014). In order to get rid of the legacies colonialism, the governments of Australia have passed laws and come up with different bodies which are working to ensure that the indigenous health is achieved. Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organizations is one of the bodies which is mandated to offering the indigenous a better health through assessment and research which assist the community to achieve better health outcomes (Pickering et al., 2014). Role of Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organizations (ACCHS) in the context of the Australian healthcare system ACCHS runs some special services which are dedicated to the needs and priorities of the locals. It deals with poor nutrition among the Aboriginal community through the provision of services and advice which could assist in curbing the issue (Otim et al., 2014). It is also concerned with the specific groups such as the elderly mother or even young mothers by monitoring and ensuring that their needs are attended (Love et al., 2016). Dare to Dream program is one of the programs of ACCHSwhich offer support to counseling of thee young indigenous individuals who are suffering from the mental illness. ACCHSalso is very active advocating for the community for their needs to be expressed. The locations of the ACCHSare very remote hence they due to the scarcity of doctors and nurses; this organization does many clinical duties which could have been offered by the experts in mainstream health services. The Aboriginal health workers under this organization work to provide primary health care to the community. This encompasses evaluation of the patient and providing the needed medical attention (Mercer et al., 2014). They are also in a position to treat certain diseases based on the guidelines of the standard treatment and also offer a selection of severe conditions to the patients. However, Aboriginal health workers also have a liaison duty between indigenous patient and medical experts (Thompson et al., 2014). Mostly, they are needed to act as the interpreters between medical specialists and patients hence offering an agent for cross-cultural interactions consequently making better the health care provided to the local community. ACCHSalso is responsible for doing researches which are meant to improve the health care systems of the aboriginal community (Thompson et al., 2014). It also ensures that doctors are deployed to the community to attend the patients. Conclusions The health care of Australian people is a major concern, and it has major disparities depending on the type of individuals. The places which Australian people live determine their health care needs. Indigenous people have been found to have lots of care needs as compared to non-indigenous people. For instance, the native population is twice likely to suffer from asthma as compared to the no-indigenous people. It has been found that indigenous people were four times more probable than the rest of the population individuals to look for medications for chronic obstructive pulmonary infection and also three times more likely to be admitted for pneumonia and influenza as compared to the non-indigenous people. Reference Arrow, P. (2016). 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