Cross-Cultural Management Report Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Cross-Cultural Management Report - Assignment ExampleThe report is a step by step guideline on the influence that cultures have on the development and completion of projects. It follows research that looks at a case choose of six brazilian international companies. Projects from these six companies have different outcomes across continents, and the impact of different cultures on them are analyzed. In the end, the report emphasizes the importance of multi-cultural spirit and integration that ensures the success of projects. It also wraps up in an explanation of the reasons why it is important to know how to manage people from different cultures. It cites that globalization of companies is a average in the present day personal line of credit world (Holden, 2002).The research paper, a study on Brazilian Multinationals, and the cultural challenges they face in managing global projects, looks into the internationalization of Brazilian companies. This growth in the company depends on t he need to manage multicultural teams. The biggest challenge in the literature study of this topic of development is the neediness of theoretical development in this field. It is a new phenomenon that is growing at a genuinely high rate and has caught many researchers by surprise, giving them very little time to study multicultural influences on projects. The research looks at the relationship between management of project teams and the characteristics of different cultures across the globe. It evaluates the role of managers in hiring and the planning, development, and deployment of projects on an international scale. It also looks at the major challenges facing six Multinational companies in their endeavors to achieve success in the international arena. The researcher chooses Brazil because it is a developing country (Rodrigues, 2012). Developing countries had no Foreign Direct Investment before 1980 and were known to deal locally in all their business ventures. However, there has been a significant change in this trend, to the extent where

Pollution in the environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Pollution in the environment - Essay ExampleHoldgate also asserts that, the significance of contaminant is related to its effects on a range of targets or receptors including man and the resources and the ecological systems on which he depends (17). As human beings have flourished in in both the fields of science such as medicine, technology, nuclear bombs etc. the types of pollutants have also become very diverse beginning from vehicle smoke to hot chemicals and extremely stark ultra-violet rays. Hence it can be inferred that the damage is now out of control because every aspect of human life that is associated with comfort and health directly or indirectly discharges whatever form of pollutant and helps in further destroying the environment. 1.1. Types of pollution Any type of component, rays or object that effects the environment is some way can be perceived as a pollutant as it is, any substance introduced into the environment that adversely affects the usefulness of a re source (Hill 8). hence pollution can be divided into many sub-divisions such as air pollution, noise pollution, water pollution, soil pollution, light pollution etc. Although the causes for all these types of pollutions are self-explanatory yet it is interesting to observe the manner in which one component helps in spreading so many types of pollutions all at once. For example radioactive rays and chemicals simultaneously hold the power of polluting the natural resources like soil, water, plants and air. Then again noise, smoke and light can be dangerous for the halo as well as the ozone layer which is protecting us from highly radioactive ultraviolet rays of the sun. Even the cutting down of trees and forests can also be perceived as a form of pollution spread because less tress mean less greenery and excessive spread of pollution as plants and trees fight against pollution by absorbing many harmful gases that are present or discharged in the atmosphere. Hence it can be understa nd that although urbanization and modern advancements in the fields of science and technology have its perks yet it has also resulted in stealing the peace, quiet and beauty of nature leaving man in a figurative desert of unhealthy surroundings where everything is either stale or dull devoid of freshness and life. Although all ecosystems of planet earth are very important yet it should be realized that it is impossible for human beings to survive without water and some of recent incidents of spilling of highly dangerous substances in different seas and oceans show that human beings are not understanding the extent of damage that is going to be caused and is being caused because of their carelessness. Moreover this issue requires some careful planning and plotting to remedy the situation otherwise there is a possibility that human beings will be facing water shortage which will ultimately lead to vanishing of water from planet earth which in other words means death. 2. Water Pollut ion Water pollution can be defined as, any impairment of the composition or state of water resulting directly or indirectly from human agency, in particular to the detriment of its

Thomas Hobbes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Thomas Hobbes - Essay ExampleOnly societies and governments stop this from beingness a constant utter. This is a sort of fiction, since Hobbes points out that this has never actually happened in history. However, it helps to explain why people in countries often suffer from mistrust, abandon and criminality. This state of temper is central to Hobbes view of the world. This reason this is not a reality is because it is blocked by fear and reason. Reason is how man knows how to escape from the state of nature and this is how the inwrought laws are created which allow man to live in intermission.Hobbes then develops his ideas on the laws of nature. This works against the destructive nature of the state of nature and helps man to maintain peace and stability. These laws are instinctive to man and are obtainable though natural reason and philosophy. The first law is the law of peace and divides into the seeking of peace and the right to defend ourselves from violence in order to mai ntain peace. The second law is connected to peace and states that we give up certain(a) rights, such as murder, in order to avoid continuous fightfare. People mutually give up their rights and this becomes a contract, which is the foundation for moral obligations. The third law, therefore, requires us not just to make such contracts, but to respect and keep them. These first three laws are the essential way in which continuous war can be avoided. Hobbes then outlines a number of other associated laws which contribute to maintaining peace. All these laws can be summarised as avoiding actions which an individual would not want performed against themselves. graven image ultimately rules over these laws.Hobbes then explores how the contracts work. There are two different types of person who can be involved in a contract natural and artificial. Hobbes defines a natural person as one who uses their own words. An artificial person, rather, is one who uses the words of

E-business system Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

E-business system - Essay ExampleOn a broad analysis, the effect of e-commerce in peoples life has not been only in one dimension but by means of a wide spectrum of use, internet has been widely espouse for use in matters of shopping and transacting almost all bank procedures. Online shopping for various goods as well as services have not go forth consumer goods and services unattended to and according to the Nielsen Global Consumer Report June 2010 shopping for goods and services have had great evolution in the onset of online shopping (The Nielsen Company, 2010, p. 2). The advent of online stores through which sellers displays their goods and services and through which consumers shop for their consumer goods characterizes to daylights commerce industry. Debates have however shaped the discussions about the topic of e banking why the modern day banking institutions ar adopting the e-commerce practices through adoption of such technologies as the internet for performing the tran sactions as against the traditional physical banking practices. Supporters of the practice of physical/manual banking procedures (who very much are the older generation (Madden, 2010, p. 2), and who are opposed to the electronic banking practices, reasons that banking physically is easy and entails little logistics. It only gives one opportunities to conduct the banking procedures physically/manually where one-one interactions are preferred to the electronic practices. On the other hand, the supporters of the online banking practices affirm that the practice is more convenient than the physical banking in that one would have access to banking services such as withdrawals, transfers as well as transacting other complex banking transactions without physically visiting a banking facility (Hazel and Raphael, 2001, p. 4). The decisions to offer the online banking services by banking institutions may therefore stem from various reasons such as the convenience to customers, the good retu rns in use of internet for the procedures (which reduces the human labor costs incurred) and the general advance of technology as is widely acknowledged in the current era. However, the evaluation of the advantages as well as associated factors that mould the adoption of online banking methods by different banking institutions takes to learning that these services adopted vary from one region to another and from one country to another (Diniz, Porto and Adachi, 2004, p. 41-42). Institutional frameworks and culture within countries and the governments may have influence on the choice of methods of banking practices such as the internet banking. For instance, among some cultures, technological advancement is not appreciated and hence the effect to adoption of online practices such as banking would be unfavorable (Tan and Teo, 2000, p. 1-4). 2.0 DISCUSSION There has been noted evolution within the practice as necessitated by the

Hotel energy management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Hotel energy management - Essay ExampleWe pile ask the faculty to be less friendly and visible or the reverse, he said. (Thomasson, 1) The changes must be small. If you were making changes every day it would be too disruptive. (Thomasson, 1)The stylish brand-new facility has self-service tills that allow diners to scan their lunch while they and their trays ar being weighed by a set of scales built into the floor. From a control room, researchers can direct cameras built into the ceiling of the restaurant to zoom in on individual diners and their plates. These are just a few examples of the centering advance of the wile facilities can lighten up the customer world and add to the competitive edge. One must keep in mind that Australia attracts people from different split of the globe. To understand the particularities of taste and comfort it becomes imperative that a detailed research support system is created to keep the hostel industry up to date. It becomes necessary for sta te of the art facilities to strike a balance between the traditional and the modern, this fine balance is the key to competitive advantage in the market. (Fletcher, 188)Todays hot technology topics, including e-commerce, wi-fi, electronic payment systems, Web site design, data security, and identity theft have to be included in any discussion on technology and the way it influences the hospitality industry. The new age customer even while unwinding wants to be connected to the technological appendages it carries during the ordinary work hours. Moreover the level of comfort is very much measured by the smooth functioning of the technology that a particular hotel is able to provide. One important aspect is to not make the technology refer overtly perceptible. It is important to keep the intricacies of the technology covered by a gloss of easy comfort. (Deb, 323)2. New facilities will involve require substantial investments by hotel. How would you justify making such an investmentThe rate of technological input is directly proportional to the revenue generation. Investment must be and should be justify because of the competitive advantage state of art customer facilities will bring and the edge that technological inputs herald. Investment has to be put in context of the boilersuit customer behavior pattern and the society at large. A society that breathes and lives on the micro physics of technological pervasiveness cannot imagine its hospitality industry to be devoid of the technological drive that characterizes the broader society. Profits from the hospitality industries will only start to assume substantial proportions once the technology and the comparative advantage are welded together to create an

Are organizations rational Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Are organizations rational - Essay ExampleA rational organization is characterized by the hope of the organisational personnel to be efficient to their optimal tendency. The theory of rational organization considers the organization as a multipart mechanism (Sarfin, 2014). Managers need to regularly reminder the progress of work as well as the organizational culture and tweak any part whose functionality is lesser than maximum in order to step-up the efficiency. An organizations long-term development can be controlled and modified to achieve the tendencys.Two major elements that help characterize the rational systems include goal specificity and formalization (Monappa and Saiyadain, 1996, p. 5 Simon, 2001, p. 27). Goal specificity promotes the display of rational behavior in the organizations because specific goals guide the structural design so that the management can specialise the activities that need to be put to death and the resources that have to be arranged (Triplett, 2 007, p. 4). The attempt to increase the predictability of behavior through regulation and standardization is called as formulation. Formalization makes the organizational culture conducive for stable expectation that is rationalitys precondition. Rational system perspectives are related to four organizational theories schools, including Taylors Scientific Management, Fayols Administrative Theory, Webers Theory of Bureaucracy, and Simons Theory of Administrative Behavior. Rational models are best thought of as descriptions of actions that will usually be compelling for most organizational audiencesbut they are not necessarily the best basis for determining what managing actually consists of (Clegg, Kornberger, and Pitsis, 2011, p. 30).Through the scientific analysis of the activities executed by the organizational personnel on individual level, Taylor (2007) realized the best method that can be

A Madman’s Diary, The True Story of Ah Q and The New Years Sacrifice Essay Example for Free

A madcaps Diary, The True Story of Ah Q and The New Years Sacrifice EssayI. IntroductionMuch of Lu Hsuns stories argon recollections of his past struggles. He admits this in the preface of his collection of works entitled, Call to Arms. But as this collection was viewed by Lu Hsun himself as a way to encourage young dreamers to pursue their aspirations and spare themselves of the agony of his youth, much of it amazes a mirror as wellhead of the Chinese culture and history. Hence, Lu Hsun is non moreover a chief commander of Chinas modern Cultural Revolution he is overly the founder of modern Chinese literature. This root aims to make a modest critical analysis of Lu Hsuns work using his first three short stories namely A harum-scarums Diary, The True Story of Ah Q and The New Years Sacrifice. These are chosen to identify patterns of themes, subjects and beliefs that are embodied in his writings. Also, we hope to be able to visit Chinese traditions and heritage using the same short stories. In the end we may find literature as a strong method of making a noble contri neverthelession to the world with its in presentnt power to opine, philosophize and influence.Let us begin with a brief telling of the stories plots and details. After which we numerate the significance of each and lastly to provide a general assesswork forcet of the storys lessons and socio- pagan and political implications. This last parting of the analysis is relevant as we need had hints already of the intentions of the author to provide an empowerment to the readers for the attainment of certain goals. The paper will end in such a way that Lu Hsun is commended for his creativity in the craft to return shown consistency of his agenda as manifested in his literary machinery ergo, becomes successful and compatible endeavors of transmutationary and literary toils.II. A Madmans DiaryThe first story is a narration of Lu Hsuns reading of a diary of his old friend. The latter referre d to as the harum-scarum, through and through his personal accounts watch expressed the nature of his illness. He sees his own brother, relatives, neighbors and doctor as man-eaters. The content of the diary may seem supernatural and dreadful unless the author of the diary charged of insanity has managed to think and speak of historical accounts to prove his case. For instance, he called a previous enemy, Ku Chiu which in translation means antediluvian patriarch Times his doctor, Li Shih-chen who in history was a famous pharmacologist and authored the Materia Medica.Both usage have latent meanings and will be explained later. The madcap also has knowledge of several traditional myths standardized his mention of Yi Ya, who according to ancient records cooked his son as present to Duke Huan who was ruler since 685 to 643 B.C. of Chi he mentioned also Chieh and loot who were cognise tyrants in history Hsu His Lin who during the end of Ching dynasty was a rotary motionary exec uted in 1907 whose heart and liver were believed to have been eaten because of his assassination of a Ching official. Again, these historical descriptions have significance in the goal of the author of Madmans Diary.The context of the story may seem to its audience a basic case of rational illness but this is true unless proper decoding is employed. The story suggests that there is a past experience which the hothead has underwent which we could think of as the cause of his psychosis. agree to the author, the daredevil has suffered from persecution. The sen erant of the main character at the time he was sick already against other slew characterizes the same feelings he felt against them ahead this specialize.Man-eating in the story symbolizes the feudal system in China. The onerousness that the tenants suffer from their land lords has caused the madman to perhaps hate the former. The man-eaters in the story as ascertained by the madman consist of his neighbors, brother, doct or, etc. basically all those who are of the land-owning class. The conspirators making themselves man-eaters as well include his own mother- this is due to the latters inability to reprimand his brother. To the madmans mind, those who support and those who are silenced by the oppression are alike. This is why he refers to them as man-eaters as well they all look at him in the same way like fierce animals ready to eat him and his flesh. Everyday, the madman has to deal with the same looks and reactions.He thinking he was doing a good calling of having been able to decipher their true intentions of killing and eating him. In the end as yet it pained him to have known that his sister could have died in the same experience of being eaten by other people. It pained him that his own family has not done anything while his mothers weeping did not depart the fact of her daughters tragic death.The seemingly unjust treatment of the community against a madman like him is translated into th e bulks incapacity and lack of buoyancy to uphold a revolution such as that which would overhaul feudalism and promote equality. Yet, the madman has seen that Mr Chao for instance did not look solely at him with anger but with fear as well. One is afraid to change the status quo where he/she is already benefiting. Just like Mr Ku Chiu who was displeased with his intervention on his account sheets twenty years ago. Ku Chiu meaning Ancient Times symbolizes the long history of feudal oppression in China.The madman might have made wild statements in his diary but to a madman this signifies discontent, confusion, mixed emotions of fear and pain, none of which is equivalent to happiness and peace. He said he has not seen the moon for over thirty years. He must have been imprisoned or isolated that long from the community, the people hardly recognize him just like the dog which looked at him twice. In the new day or perhaps new circumstance he is into, he only remembers the feelings of an noyance against them. Yet he witnessed the children, lively as they may appear but the madman, reluctant about their purity thought they also had eyes that rede him. When he said their parents could have told them about his story, he was referring to the possible transfer of the tradition of tyranny to the new generation and the hindrance to their quest for truth, justice and equality.The madman abhors the fact that the own victims of this cruelty have not done anything to antagonize but why do they look at him like that? This is expressed in the part belowThose people, some of whom have been pilloried by the magistrate, slapped in the face by the local gentry, had their wives taken away by bailiffs, or their parents driven to suicide by creditors, never looked as frightened and as fierce then as they did yesterday (Lu Hsun, A Madmans Diary, April, 1918)He sees their laughers, discussions of him, teeth and expression as comprising their secret signs. There are statements in the s tory which the author has provided for us to understand further the nature of the norm in their history. Like when the madman remembers the time when he would be commended by his brother for his indifference vis a vis wrong doingsI remember when my elder brother taught me to write compositions, no matter how good a man was, if I produced arguments to the contrary he would mark that passage to show his approval while if I excused evil-doers, he would say Good for you, that shows originalityAt that time , it would have been better if you are blind and deaf and perhaps insane to resist the subjugation. This is also presented in the part where Mr. Ho, the doctor tells the madman Dont let your imagination run away with you Rest quietly for a few days and you will be alright The madman sees this statement as a warning for his deed of courage and integrity. to be brave and righteous yield death of a man.Toward the end of the story, the madman asked a twenty year old lad if it was right to eat human beings and if such was an accepted act simply because it has always been like that. The author here is arriving at an assumption that a tradition of cruelty could have been inclinationed by most of them as justifiable by its permanence and embedded nature. But a challenge has been set forth in the end that is to become a real man. For the madman, real men dont eat human beings. Although as claimed, primitive people have done so, he advised his brother that to remain like them is the same as reptiles and animals who eat flesh and must be ashamed of themselves.This is a way for the author to propose that to desist tradition (the four thousand years of eating flesh) is to put a halt to oppression this is the act of a real man. He calls on a change of spirit and ideas so he tells them in the story You should change at once, change from the bottom of your hearts You must know that in future there will be no place for man-eaters in the world . . . . His final words are equal ly challenging and meaningful. It was a call for change especially for the youth Perhaps there are still children who have not eaten men? Save the children. . .III. The True Story of Ah QThe second story is written in December, 1921. Ah Q is a worker in the Weichuang village who has become a laughing stock(a) and destination of insult from amongst his fellow villagers. His death was a tragic one considering that while his origin has not been known to the author or to the village people in the story, the cause of his execution is also neither defined by him nor his fellowmen. It is in this cycle confusions and uncertainties that the story becomes a revelation of the situation of China during the first nineteenth coke.Lu Hsun has used characters in the story with meaningful roles in Chinas history. Mr. Chao and Mr. Chien are both influential and wealthy people in the village whose sons have given them pride by passing the examination and having been posted to high positions in the society Whiskers Wang and Young D who are servants like Ah Q had different perspectives and never united The Imitation Foreign Devil who studied in Japan and has returned to the village without any meaningful contribution the nun buoy whom Ah Q have maltreated for his perceived false modesty of her the townspeople the military captain the successful provincial candidate the old man with a average shaven head they all did not spare Ah Q a little.It appeared that Ah Q was fond of drinking wine, sleeping after a days job at the Tutelary Gods Temple and imagining his own definition of victories. For Ah Q being beaten by a son is a victory and every time he is teased by the village folks for his scar that looked like ringworm on his head and crushed to the wall for his eccentricities, he considers them losers for they are his sons. This weird claim of Ah Q has made the people a lot more irritated of him.To him his only two defeats were namely his defeat by Whiskers Wang who he regar d as his equal and by the Imitation Foreign Devil. He found dignity in humiliating a small nun. When he lost his job due to an incident with a maidservant at the Chao family house, he headed to the other town where a stroke of luck provided him with goods enough to be sold and become a source of his new profit. Yet along with his return to the village and his renewed sense of respect for himself when the people started to talk about him and his fortune, a revolution occurred. Without much clarity, he was caught as suspect to a robbery by the revolutionaries at the Chao family.He told the captors that he might have approved of the revolution but he was not allowed to join because the Imitation Foreign Devil prohibited him. Uneducated, Ah Q was made to draw a circle as signature in a paper whose content was unknown to him and later that day, he was set as an example to the people and all other revolutionaries for death execution.One must have knowledge of Chinas history to be able to appreciate further Ah Qs story. The Qing dynasty with its long-lived rule and enormous failures has caused a deterioration of procedure along traditional lines. The arrival of foreigners who were driven by the industrial revolution of the West had caused much indignation and loss of resources for the prideful denizens of China. With their superior weaponry and cultural superiority might have brought Chinas independence they have nonetheless encountered opposition.This foreign presence has resulted to changed political demands among the revolutionaries. The Taiping Uprising for instance considered as the long-lasting peasant rebellion denounced Confucianism and found new aspirations in Christianity. The dynasty resorted to the Chinese provincial armies to suppress the Taipings.A lot has changed since the abolition of the civil service examination in China based on the Confucian classics. There has been a program of sending students to Japan for modern studies that brought radical i deas convinced of overthrowing the dynasty and revolutionizing China. This success of reformation however by Sun Yat Sen has not abandoned feudalism, and has worsened due to Chinas dependency in the new market economy and international trade, the condition of the peasants who were displaced and deprived. Warlordism and the lack of nationalism have deepened the problem of China until the success of the CCP in the 1940s.These events took place prior and perhaps during the writing of Lu Hsuns Ah Q. Clearly, Ah Q represents the peasant revolution which has been isolated from the intellectuals endeavor. When Ah Q was denied participation by the Imitation Foreign Devil, the author has implied here that those who have attained education in Japan in the nineteenth century have not fulfilled the true essence of a revolution. They failed to establish unity among its people as superiority among the land owning class prevails. Thus, Ah Q might have wanted to revolt for as he claimed in the stor y, revolution is good, but it was late for him to prove his strength and capacity. He was executed in a crime he has not committed. His lack of knowledge failed him to understand the situation this is more painful for him.