A Sorrowful Woman

Gail Godwin beckons a woman to know herself as a woman and not as mere in a relation to other in her much thought provoking story, â€Å"A Sorrowful Woman†.Michael Meyer said that, † Goodwin selects several key events that e place over a period of year to show us the slow decline of the Woman in her role as wife and mother.†(geocities.com, online).Marriage calls upon woman to obey and serve as a traditional good wife and mother but at the cost of her individuality, which made our protagonist to take life on a very pessimist note. We find woman in a â€Å"Sorrowful Woman† as totally tired of her relationship as a mother, a wife and of her life. Godwin says,   â€Å"The sight of them made her so sad and sick she did not want to ever see them again† (Gail, 35).This story was initially titles â€Å"Sorrowful Mother†, as whose obsession of motherhood was putting question on her individuality. But it is not a story of only mother but the question o f independent identity and individuality of all women. This dilemma brought them onto the verge of depression and ultimately their downfall. Therefore it is not the Sorrowful mother but A Sorrowful Woman.WORKS CITED Godwin, Gail. â€Å"A Sorrowful Woman† in Dream Children. Ballantine Books, 1996. Micheal Meyer, A Plot, Sorrowful Woman, Online, 22th May 2008 Available at http://www.geocities.com/davidjohntoth/102/plot.html  

In what way is Dr. Faustus an Anti-Catholic Play? Essay

On the face of it, Dr. Faustus is not an anti-Catholic play. Yet, once you have read into it certain aspects of the play – there are many anti-Catholic notions and views that Marlowe has placed within the text. If the reader has no prior knowledge of how the world was in the Sixteenth century, then they would probably not uncover Marlowe’s hidden messages. There are many issues dealt with in the play, yet, they all follow a route to anti-Catholicism. All of the ideas dealt with are reminiscent of the period that Marlowe is writing in, when people did have quite ‘humanist’ views and were hostile towards the Catholic Church because of the lies that they had been telling.The main theme of anti-Catholicism is Dr. Faustus’ rejection of God. For a sixteenth century audience to watch someone reject God and sell their soul to the devil is the most anti-religious thing that they could do. They most probably would have been petrified of what the consequences o f his actions would be. Yet, at the same time, would most probably have admired his courage to stand against an establishment that had ruled their entire lives by preaching falsehoods and in effect stealing from them (through the sales of ‘indulgences’). Also, right from the beginning when we are introduced to Faustus, we find him in Wittenberg – the same place in which the monk Martin Luther lived – an anti-catholic statement in itself as Luther himself opposed the Catholic regime. I believe Marlowe has intentionally set the play in Wittenberg to make a statement right from the beginning that this play is set out to make anti-Catholic notions.The play deals with sin and damnation at the heart of Christianity’s understanding of the world. The play shows us that Faustus’ pride, which causes him to strive for knowledge, may have seemed admirable at the turning point in the Renaissance period, but that this pride and insolence to go against God makes him despaired of God’s mercy. Christian teaching at the time was that if you did not follow Gods rules, you ended up eternally damned to a place called ‘Hell’ – a place that Faustus both believes in and disbelieves throughout the play. Hell is represented as a rather psychological torture in the play rather than a physical one (as Mephistophilis puts it to Faustus). We can get an idea of the attitudes of the people in Faustus’ time by looking at how Marlowe represents Fau stus. We can guess that Marlowe has a negative view of what Faustus did because he compares him to ‘Icarus’ from Greek mythology when he says; â€Å"His waxen wings did mount above his reach, and melting heavens conspired his overthrow. For falling to a devilish exercise† By saying this, Marlowe is expressing that going against God and selling his soul was the ultimate sin that caused Faustus to be damned. The audience’s attitude towards Faustus may have been one of empathy rather than disdain for choosing to sin because at that time it was believed that it was our job to resist the temptations of the devil, like Christ did, but many people were tempted to go against God to find answers other than those written in the Bible, and would have understood his situation. It is not always certain if the play is a true representation of the attitude of a sixteenth century audience as Marlowe was a radical of his time and did have much more extreme views on Catholicism than his peers. Marlowe himself, spent time as a Cleric – even mocking religion and earning a reputation of being an atheist at a time when atheism was a state offence. This maybe being one of the reasons why the play is so anti-catholic because of his anti-religious views and as the most religious of all denominations, Catholicism was probably the easiest target.The first time we see the play’s anti-Catholic view is when Christopher Marlowe gives a sense of something wrong happening at the beginning of Scene III, when Faustus begins to conjure. We get this feeling that something is not quite right when Faustus describes the â€Å"gloomy shadows† and the â€Å"pitchy breath†, the image of darkness and night gives the impression that what Faustus is doing is dangerous and evil. Faustus practises the ‘Black Mass’, which was an anti-Catholic comment as it was praised by Satan worshippers, which would have made this scene extremely horrific for Marlowe’s audience, and definitely seen as a sinful act. Throughout the play, Faustus has doubts about what he is doing and thinks of repenting but it is his pride that keeps him from turning to God and asking for forgiveness. This happens throughout Scene V, where he doubts his actions, thinks of repenting and then because of his pride he becomes resolute again. The good angel tries to help him by saying â€Å"Faustus repent, yet God will pity thee† but he can’t face being humiliated and says, â€Å"My heart’s so hardened I cannot repent!† In the same scene, Faustus says that  he believes Hell is a â€Å"fable†, displaying yet again the anti-Catholic views of the play, as it is a direct comment from the Bible that here are two after-lives â€Å"Heaven† and â€Å"Hell†. By saying that there is no Hell, is saying that he believes that The Bible is lying – a sin against not only the catholic doctrine, but also all Christian religion. He is also writing off everything that he has ever been taught and in an indirect way, preaching to the audience that their whole religious life has also been a ‘fable’ in itself. Here, Dr. Faustus is taking empiricism to the extremes, as he honestly believes that he can sell his soul to the Devil and remain happily on Earth, this also shows Faustus’ extreme arrogance and the fact that he thinks he is superior to the rest of humanity. Scene V is an extremely anti-Catholic scene as it deals with the majority of subjects. One being the matter of the ‘Good Angel’ and ‘Bad Angel’; in this section of the scene, we ponder on the question ‘When is it too late to repent?’ – it is here that the divide in Christian denominations becomes apparent. Catholicism saying that after you have sold your soul, you are beyond the forgiveness of God. Then, the Protestant side, saying that in God’s eyes it is never too late to repent. The ‘Good Angel’ in the play is the one with the Protestant views – a blatant attack on Catholicism by labelling it ‘Bad’, then mocking it in the play. It is very possible that Marlowe wrote Dr Faustus in order to spite those around him – ‘those’ being the Catholics. Marlowe was not a religious man, let alone a Catholic and did not tolerate their beliefs, as evidenced by how clearly the play demonstrates the downfall of a religious man and reinforced themes of anti-Catholicism. It could be said that Marlowe created a man who would be considered an â€Å"ideal† Catholic – after we see him wanting to repent and the way in which he conforms to the people around him very easily, and then Marlowe damned him to eternal suffering; suggesting that during Marlowe’s life, he believed if you were a Catholic you were also damned to eternal suffering and saw no problem with this. Since reading between the lines and going into depth of some of the quotes that Christopher Marlowe so passionately wrote in 1550, it is acceptable to say that there are many aspects of the play that are either intentionally  anti-Catholic or unintentionally anti-Catholic. Yet it is also fair to say that Marlowe has deliberately put some comments into his play that are an attack onto the Catholic Church, its beliefs, practises and its followers.

My Writing That I Did Not Know Before - 910 Words

Over the course of this class I have learned many things about writing that I did not know before, because I never had any great instruction before i came to college. In Grade school and high school, when I got back a graded paper there would just be words crossed out, or punctuation corrections. There would never be any explanation as to why I need to correct this, or why this is wrong. I would go over the corrections and wonder how this is wrong and why does a comma go there but why doesn t a comma go here. When reading the corrections and notes you made on each of my papers this year, I more easily understood why something was wrong. I might not have made the same corrections in the next paper, but each paper I got back I understood what was wrong, and what I needed to do to correct it. I think I understood more about writing with each paper that I wrote this year. I might not have shown it with each paper because I seem to always make the same errors. I always get mixed up when u sing singular and plural nouns, using the same adjective throughout the paper, and not being descriptive. I knew after you made the corrections why something is wrong, but I never seemed to make the corrections myself, because I have a habit of making those same mistakes, and because it sounds like it is right to me because I speak that way myself. Those errors I made in each of my papers seemed to be right at the time of me writing them, but when you pointed them out to me after giving backShow MoreRelatedMy Writing On My Grammar Essay1156 Words   |  5 PagesThroughout this course I feel that I have immensely improved my writing skills. Before taking this class, I really disliked writing. I would much rather read than write. I never wanted to take this class, but my parents strongly encouraged me to because they wanted me to be challenged in school. I was terrified to be in a college level class with seniors and a bunch of other people I did not know. 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The Most Overlooked Solution for Persuasive Essay Topics about Technology

The Most Overlooked Solution for Persuasive Essay Topics about Technology Essay needs to be written in the words an ordinary person will understand. America should return to conservatism. A lot of people appear to be hooked on tech. Every American should learn how to speak Spanish. The Persuasive Essay Topics about Technology Cover Up Topics for the reader that will help you to technology. Technology is the critical contributor to innovation. It is changing the world we live in and it should be shown in the essay. You ought to technology essays. The use of marijuana needs to be made legal owing to its usage in medicines. Persuasive papers (also referred to as argumentative essays) are possibly the most important academic projects you'll learn how to write. The Nuiances of Persuasive Essay Topics about Technology Perform extensive research on the subject of your choice and make an impressive persuasive speech that individuals will remember for long. Hard to imagine the scope of harm that they can be put in without being connected in the modern world. For example, they use persuasion in cover letters trying to convince potential employers to hire them. Many Americans watch lots of reality TV shows. All things considered, you can observe that writing a persuasive essay isn't a brain surgery. Finding the most suitable articlesto support your persuasive essay is a little more challenging. Always remember a great persuasive essay ought to be persuasive. Persuasive essay writing works supplied to the students bring a great deal of confusion in the students about the subject of such assignments. There are just a few things that define whether an essay you're working on is going to be a good one. There are several things which can be discussed in regards to education. It's best in the event you choose a topic in which you are in possession of a genuine interest in since you'll be doing tons of research on it and if it's something which you take pleasure in the procedure will be significantly easier and more enjoyable. The very first thing you've got to realize searching for an ideal topic is that your opinion is the thing that matters the most. Sure, with this kind of an enormous number of topics to pick from, picking just one may be challenging. It's hard picking a topic for your speech because there are many choices so look at these factors when deciding. While it could be hard to pick from such a selection of persuasive speech topics, take into consideration which of the above you've got the most knowledge of and can argue your opinion on. A few of the topics also fall into other categories and we've posed the topics as questions so that they can be readily adapted into statements to fit your own viewpoint. The third step is to be sure that the speech is localized. Any idea can prove to be an excellent foundation for a topic. The very first step is to obtain a suitable topic for the speech. A step-by-step guide about how to compose a persuasive essay can be found on our site. Don't neglect to bring a strong hook at the beginning (introduction paragraph) and wind up with an impressive conclusion to earn the reader want to go over the interesting persuasive essay topics of your selection. As tempting as it might appear to skip past the extra info and go straight to the list of persuasive essay topics, don't do it. Take notes concerning all prospective topics you are able to consider. Communication technology essay topics may include a wide variety of ideas. So locating the greatest persuasive essay topics is critical. Researching all the various viewpoints and including them in your essay increases the standard of your writing by earning your essay more complete and nuanced. Before you commence working on the paper, you must go through several topics to compose a persuasive essay on. An argumentative paper is part of the persuasion.

Management Antifraud Programs and Controls - 7356 Words

MANAGEMENT ANTIFRAUD PROGRAMS AND CONTROLS Guidance to Help Prevent and Deter Fraud PREFACE Some organizations have significantly lower levels of misappropriation of assets and are less susceptible to fraudulent financial reporting than other organizations because these organizations take proactive steps to prevent or deter fraud. It is only those organizations that seriously consider fraud risks and take proactive steps to create the right kind of climate to reduce its occurrence that have success in preventing fraud. This document identifies the key participants in this antifraud effort, including the board of directors, management, internal and independent auditors, and certified fraud examiners. Management may develop†¦show more content†¦A number of highly publicized cases have heightened the awareness of the effects of fraudulent financial reporting and have led many organizations to be more proactive in taking steps to prevent or deter its occurrence. Misappropriation of assets, though often not material to the financial statements, can nonetheless result in substantial losses to an entity if a dishonest employee has the incentive and opportunity to commit fraud. The risk of fraud can be reduced through a combination of prevention, deterrence, and detection measures. However, fraud can be difficult to detect because it often involves concealment through falsification of documents or collusion among management, employees, or third parties. Therefore, it is important to place a strong emphasis on fraud prevention, which may reduce opportunities for fraud to take place, and fraud deterrence, which could persuade individuals that they should not commit fraud because of the likelihood of detection and punishment. Moreover, prevention and deterrence measures are much less costly than the time and expense required for fraud detection and investigation. 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Auditing Practice Regulations and Auditing Standards

Question: Discuss about the Auditing Practice for Regulations and Auditing Standards. Answer: Introduction In todays modern era, there exist a number of regulations and auditing standards which create complications in the role of auditor. Additionally, adoption of technology by businesses has aggravated these complications. Companies in Australia have been confronted with a number of issues while conducting selling and purchasing transactions through online platforms. These often lead to malpractices and manipulation, on the part of companies, in representing the financial data. As a result, identification such misstatements by auditors becomes a challenging and tedious task. This essay provides a brief understanding of various challenges that an auditor faces while auditing an entity. It discusses the impact of online purchasing and selling of goods on business operations. The essay also highlights various business risks regarding online transactions in Australia which leads to material misstatement in the financial statements of business entities. Finally, it concludes with discussion on auditors responsibility to detect these frauds and misstatements. Impact of Purchasing and Selling through Internet on Business Operation Nowadays, technology leads to dilemma for businesses to purchase and sell the goods through internet. Most of the businesses have adopted the internet based procurement and sales options which have impacted their operation by both perspectives, positive and negative. A business organization operating through the internet based buying and selling is able to explore the business criteria at national as well as international level through capturing the new economic market. Through technology small organizations can expand their business which directly increases the revenue for the business. However, operating through online domain poses many risks for the organisations causing auditors to pay increased attention to the risks and financial misstatements undertaken by organisations as a result of their online operations. This further increases the work load for auditors (Tysiac, 2016). Supply of goods through internet reduces the cost for business that results into more profit for organization. At the same time customer base is also increased because of the convenience and reliable service through internet based buying and selling (Barnes and Hunt, 2013). Internet purchasing and buying also impacts the operation of the business legally as shipping the goods to areas where the sales tax is required leads to violation the local laws thereby leading to legal implications. Computers integrate the communication technology and allow easier access to information throughout the globe. Supply chain management procedures can also be improved by using internet to deliver the product at the right time. Furthermore, technology can have a mixed impact on the business operations. On one hand, it can lead to loss of confidential information of business through cyber crime or malfunction of system due to virus thereby reducing the overall work efficiency. On the other hand, through the use of technology, a secure environment can be created for the protection of consumer information and maintaining business operation efficiently. Initially, installation of required equipments for online operations may lead to greater costs for the organisation. However, these costs can be easily covered over the long run through generation of higher profits while operating the business on the virtual domain (Pirouz, 2012). Taking an auditors perspective, technology enables them to improve their skills and the quality of their work that too in less time as compared to the manual handling of the audit work. Moreover, the auditors can make audit strategy by the use of technology which leads to the better account handling process for business. But, with changing technology, it is also difficult for auditors to develop the required skills to handle technology based data base and systems. Most of the auditors struggle in understanding and developing the skills and systems required for efficient and effective auditing of the business (Audit and Risk, 2016). Business Risks due to Online Transactions As businesses in Australia are embracing the new mode of transactions, they are exposed to higher number of risks as a result of use of new technology. These risks include legal risks, risk of charge backs, laundering of sales, cyber security, information security and many more (Audit and Risk, 2016). Risk of legality can be considered as major risk in online business and arises as a result of selling goods and services in some areas where it is considered illegal. Therefore, shipping of products to these areas creates liability for business as it is violating the local laws of that area. Moreover, there is requirement in some areas for collection of sales tax on internet sales. If the business is not able to collect state sales taxes even if it sells products to individuals in these areas, it creates problem for business with state revenue department. Fluctuation in foreign currency is also an important risk in online business, as business is done internationally and due to sale and purchase of products, there is exchange of currencies of different countries. Therefore, fluctuations in the value of currencies occur, which can impact the profitability of the business (Madura, 2014). Additionally, transaction risk also occurs due to change in exchange rate between the date when pri ce is agreed and date when actual payment is made by the customer. Another risk that can be included in online business relates to data recording and security and may involve incorrect recording and presentation of transaction that has not been incurred. This means that recording of that transaction in financial statement of business which is not actually incurred. The merchant in online business also faces the risk of charge backs. Charge back is defined as mandatory refund of money to customer (cardholder) by the business. A chargeback is occurred due to problem raised by the person (cardholder) making transaction with the business. The problem may relate to not delivering of good as per expectations of the customer (Westpac Banking Corporations, 2014). Another reason may be that cardholder claims that they did not authorize the purchase as whether the person making transaction is actually the owner of that card or not. In addition to this, goods that are received by customer may be faulty of defective. Laundering of sales in online business includes chance of fraudulent transactions being processed. Laundering in online business is occurred when a merchant involved in business with as appropriate merchant facility accepts responsibility or recording transaction on behalf of another business. This may lead to improper or unauthorized recording of transactions (Westpac Banking Corporations, 2014). It may also lead to recording amount of revenue generated from sales in account of person recording the transaction instead of recording the transaction in business involving actual sales. Thus, these risks pose threats to the proper working and smooth operations of business. Financial Statement Manipulations The above identified risks can lead to fraud practices or misstatement in financial statement on the part of businesses to cover financial distress or wrong doings of the business (Gay and Simnett, 2015). These financial misstatements can be undertaken in different manners. For example, as per specified requirements in some areas regarding collection of sales tax on internet sales, if the products are sold by business in that areas the businesses are required to collect tax on their sales. Therefore, failure to collect sales tax from the customers leads to tax evasion by the business (Khanin and Mahto, 2012). It affects the financial statements of the business as it leads to understatement of liabilities in order to show profitable picture of its financial position. Fluctuation in foreign currencies creates manipulation in financial statement because fluctuation increases or decreases the value of money. This leads to difference in the value of product that is already recorded in financial statement and the value that is change due to fluctuation in currency. Moreover, recording of some transactions in financial statement that has not been actually incurred creates misstatement/ manipulation in financial because it affects the overall revenue of the company. This leads to increase in revenue of the company through falsified act. The risk of charge backs may lead to manipulation of revenue in the financial statement because before at the time of making transaction with the customer, the amount at which product is sold to customer is recorded in the financial statement. But after providing charge back from customer, the transaction is required to be rectified in the financial statement. This required change is not made by business which leads to unnecessary increase in revenue which ultimately leads to misstatement of transaction. Laundering of sales may effectively lead to misstatement in financial statement of business because, even if a sale is done but the amount of sale is not recorded in financial statement or vice versa. This leads to misrepresentation of actual revenues generated by the business. Fraud and Misstatements Identification by Auditors Auditors are the external examiner of the business account to find out the fraud and misrepresentations of the financial statements. They can easily find out the whether the procedure adopted for creating financial statements is as per the rules and regulations of accounting system or not (Pcaobus, 2015). Auditors can assess whether the financial statements that are appropriate or not and can identify the fraud and misstatements in final accounts. Auditor can detect the fraud in revenue representations through various methods like they can adopt a systematic procedure to check the portion of sales tax that is fully collected from the customer. At the same time auditor can also identify the accounting process by the revenue recognition method that enable the auditor to identify the fraud with the financial statements. Many people are involved in the preparation of financial statement, so auditors can assess the misstatement by the inquiries of individual who entitled for journal entry and other adjustments (Moorthy et al., 2011). Furthermore, the auditors can scan internal networks for any data manipulation or system malfunction. In addition to this, use of computer can also be helpful for the auditor to assess the financial statement by updating the accounting system in computer. Computer data processing can help in assessing the auditors to evaluate the internal control and analytical review of account. Automated process of transferring the information through using IT can evaluate the fraud and misstatement in the financial accounting procedures. At the same time auditors can adopt the ERP system to identify the risk in financial statement of the business (Hall, 2015). Laundering of sales may result into the manipulation of data, when the transaction is not recorded therefore auditors can find out the fraud to check the gap between the transaction times. The electronic data processing changed the way to analyze the process of internal audit and information system audit and control association also provide the new standard guidance for the auditor. Conclusion On the basis of above discussion it can be concluded that auditors face many risk such as legality risk, misstatement of transaction, laundering of sales, fraudulent risk, fluctuation in currency rate, manipulation of financial statement and charge back, due to use of the modern technology. Additionally, management of organization can play crucial role in these instances of fraud and misstatement of financial statements. These risks can be identified by the review of internal audit, testing of internal networks and by adopting the ERP system. At the same time audit if IT infrastructure to access any manipulation in data recording can also be helpful in identifying the risk of misrepresentation of transaction. References Audit and Risk (2016) Technology risk are beyond most firms IT audit capabilities. Available at: https://auditandrisk.org.uk/news/technology-risks-are-beyond-most-firms-it-audit-capabilities (Accessed: 17 September, 2016) Barnes, S. and Hunt, B. (2013) E-Commerce and V-Business. Melbourne: Taylor Francis. Gay, G. and Simnett, R. (2015) Auditing and Assurance Services in Australia, 6th ed. Australia: McGraw-Hill Education. Hall, J.A. (2015) Information Technology Auditing. USA: Cengage Learning. https://www.businessreviewaustralia.com/technology/1115/The-Impact-of-Technology-in-Business (Accessed: 17 September, 2016) Khanin, D. and Mahto, R.V. (2012) Regulatory risk, borderline legality, fraud and financial restatement. International Journal of Accounting Information Management, 20(4), pp.377-394. Madura, J. (2014) International Financial Management. Australia: Cengage Learning. Moorthy, M.K., Seetharaman, A., Mohamed, Z., Gopalan, M and San L.H. (2011) The impact of information technology on internal auditing, African Journal of Business Management, 5(9), pp. 3523-3539. Pcaobus (2015) AS: 2401 Consideration of Fraud in a Financial Statement Audit Available at: https://pcaobus.org/Standards/Auditing/Pages/AS2401.aspx (Accessed: 17 September, 2016) Pirouz, A. (2012) The Impact of Technology in Business, Australia Business Review. [Online]. Available at: Tysiac, K. (2016) How internal audit can help manage 10 top technology risks, Journal of Accountancy. [Online]. Available at: https://www.journalofaccountancy.com/news/2015/aug/internal-audit-technology-risks-201512911.html (Accessed: 17 September, 2016) Westpac Banking Corporation (2014) Merchant business solutions. [Online]. Available at: https://www.westpac.com.au/docs/pdf/bb/Merchant_Fraud_Brochure.pdf (Accessed: 17 September, 2016).

The Philosophies of Nietzsche free essay sample

A critical examination of Nietzsches philosophy of morality. The paper explains Nietzsches theory of morality that derives duty or moral obligation from what is good or desirable as an end to be achieved. The paper looks at how Nietzsches writings on morality take the form of a critique of the major religious traditions of the West, especially Christianity. The paper shows how in seeking to create a morality that was in tune with his own century, Nietzsche rejected what he saw as the weakness of both religion and Apollonian philosophy. The paper asserts, however, that in seeking to create a philosophy that was in tune with his own century, he also failed to see how a moral code that was based in a different set of historical references might not be better. Nietzsche thought or perhaps it would be more accurate to say that he hoped that the historical moment of traditional religious faith and practice were over a sentiment captured in his most famous proclamation that God is dead. We will write a custom essay sample on The Philosophies of Nietzsche or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page But what would Nietzsche put in the place of God? To answer this question is to come to understand Nietzsches concept of the Ubermensch in greater depth as well as to understand Nietzsches own essential Dionysian nature and how the former would turn him away from Christianity and Western religion and the latter away from much of classical philosophy, including the calm rationality promulgated by Socrates. Nietzsche argued for a teleological morality, a theory of morality that derives duty or moral obligation from what is good or desirable as an end to be achieved. Such a model of morality is clearly Utilitarian in orientation and argues for the position that end aimed for consists in an experience or feeling produced by the action. Hedonism, for example, teaches that this end feeling is pleasure.